Hindi → Marathi
Hindi → Marathi: Advanced Structures
Hindi to Marathi advanced grammar — passive, causative, relative-correlative and conditionals — from Unit 21.
What you will learn
Advanced structures from Unit 21 mapped Hindi to Marathi — passive voice (किया जाता है → केला जाते), causative (करवाता है → करवते), relative-correlative pairs (जो…वह → जो…तो), complex conditionals (अगर…तो → जर…तर). Each row shows the Hindi structure, the Marathi equivalent, and the grammar shift.
Marathi passive uses the verb root + याचे/याचे + जाते (केला जाते, खाल्ले जाते). Causative adds व/वव (खववते = makes eat, बोलवते = makes speak). The relative-correlative pair is जो…तो (not जो…वह).
Tip: Passive = root + याचे + जाते. Causative = root + व/वव. Relative = जो…तो. Three patterns, infinite sentences.
Hindi → Marathi, line by line
Word map
| Hindi | Marathi | English |
|---|---|---|
| su | सु | |
| du | दुः | |
| anu | अनु | |
| prati | प्रति | |
| ta | ता | |
| tva | त्व | |
| pana | पणा | |
| ne | ने | |
| la | ला | |
| dvandva | द्वंद्व | |
| tatpurusha | तत्पुरुष | |
| bahuvrihi | बहुव्रीहि | |
| simile | उपमा | |
| metaphor | रूपक | |
| hyperbole | उत्प्रेक्षा | |
| subject | कर्ता | |
| object | कर्म | |
| passive | कर्मणी | |
| make | करवा | |
| let | द्या | |
| give | द्या |
Passive — the याचे+जाते frame
Hindi किया जाता है → Marathi केला जाते. The pattern: past participle (केला, खाल्ले, केले) + याचे + जाते. The agent (by whom) uses कडून: मी कडून केला जाते (done by me).
Causative — the व/वव marker
Hindi करवाता है → Marathi करवते. खववते (makes eat), बोलवते (makes speak), लिहवते (makes write). The causative marker व/वव attaches to the verb root before the tense ending.
Common mistakes
✗ Using किया जाता है structure directly✓ केला जाते — past participle + याचे + जाते
Marathi passive is not a word-for-word translation of Hindi passive; the morphology is different.
✗ जो…वह for relative clauses✓ जो…तो — the correlative is तो, not वह
Marathi's relative-correlative pair is जो…तो. वह never appears as the correlate.
✗ Adding causative to already-causative verbs✓ Check if the verb is already causative (बोलवणे = to make speak); double causative is ungrammatical
Some verbs are inherently causative; adding another व creates nonsense.
Quick practice
Answer first, then open the reveal to check yourself.
1. Passive of “to do” in Marathi?
Answer: B. केला जाते — केला जाते — past participle केला + याचे + जाते.
2. Causative of “to eat” (खाणे)?
Answer: A. खववते — खववते — root खा + वव + ते = makes eat.
3. Relative-correlative pair in Marathi?
Answer: B. जो…तो — जो…तो — जो introduces, तो correlates.
4. Fill in the blank: काम ___ गेला. (The work got done.)
केला जाते — Passive frame from Unit 21.
You've bridged Hindi → Marathi.
Practice the mappings, reinforce the patterns, and speak naturally.
Common questions
How do you form the passive in Marathi?
Past participle + याचे + जाते — e.g., केला जाते (is done), खाल्ले जाते (is eaten), लिखले जाते (is written).
What is the relative-correlative pair in Marathi?
जो…तो — जो introduces the relative clause, तो is the correlate in the main clause. Hindi जो…वह becomes जो…तो.